List some examples of design for ecological buildings
The so-called "ecological architecture" is essentially an all-encompassing concept that covers a range of environmental goals for design and construction practices. How to choose a site, how to make full use of wastewater, and how to heat it more efficiently – all of which are issues that “green architects†need to consider carefully. In order to answer these questions, new equipment is needed, including non-polluting paint, low-water toilets, and glazing that can penetrate into the sun but have a much reduced heat loss. But the imagination of green buildings is not all limited to high technology. A simple idea that is often used is to open the windows of a high-rise building to use a natural ventilation system for air circulation.
"Three liters room"
The “three-litre house†developed by BASF, a German company, is named after the annual consumption of fuel consumption per square meter of floor space does not exceed 3 litres. It first strengthened the insulation performance of the building structure, and the high-temperature insulation material Neopor was placed on the outer wall and the roof. This new material, 20% thinner than ordinary polystyrene sheets, has the same density and thermal insulation properties. On the outer window, a three-glass plastic frame window filled with inert gas is used, which is filled with a polyurethane inner core, which greatly improves the thermal insulation performance. In addition, the design also has a clever treatment of wind and air tightness.
A heat recovery unit is placed on the attic. Fresh air is input through the top passage and exchanges heat with the discharged hot air to enter various rooms in the room. This adjustable fresh air system delivers fresh air every time. Indoor air can also be discharged through a piping system through a heat recovery unit. When heating in winter, 85% of the heat can be recycled.
Insulated sand Micronal containing phase change energy storage technology, containing particulate paraffin that can store heat. When the outdoor is too hot and the heat is transmitted to the room, the paraffin melts when heated, and the density of the inner wall insulation layer increases, which slows down the room temperature. When the room temperature drops, the molten paraffin releases heat to the room. The heat storage effect of this kind of insulating mortar is like the indoor air conditioning system, which is applied to the inner wall surface of two rooms. As indoor winter insulation and summer cooling material, the indoor temperature can be kept at 22 ° C and the humidity is kept at 40%. Between ~60%, warm in winter and cool in summer, comfortable and pleasant.
In addition, the "three-liter room" also uses a polymer film fuel cell, which first converts natural gas into a hydrogen-rich combustible gas, and then burns in a fuel cell furnace, and the remaining natural gas can be fully burned under the action of the catalyst. This method emits less pollutants than conventional heating systems.
PhilipJ.Merril Environmental Center
The Chesapeake Bay Base is a typical display of green design and the first to be certified by the US Green Building Council's LEED project. Architects proudly define their architectural philosophy as “cradle to cradleâ€: all building materials are recyclable or the production process does not pose any harm to the environment.
Here, the windows are open, the plants are local, bicycle racks and multi-purpose plugs are everywhere; "heat islands" such as asphalt parking lots and black roofs are trapped in high temperatures, which are rarely seen here; The field is made of gravel; the bathroom is treated with waterlessness to convert human waste into soil fertilizer over a three-year period; one-third of the energy used comes from geothermal heat and photovoltaic panels that convert solar energy into electricity; Rain can be transported to large reservoirs for later irrigation; the floor is made of bamboo and the wood made from renewable wood.
Architect: TomElchbaum, Smith Group Location: Annapolis, Maryland Completion: 2001
MagneyHouse
When aesthetics encountered ecology, Australian architect Glenn Murcutt won this accolade in the Pulitzer Prize for Architecture. He designed a couple of Magney houses overlooking the sea. The couple lived in a rugged place for several years, hoping to have a room that evokes their imagination of the tent. The sloping roof refracts sunlight, collects rainwater, rainwater can be used to drink, and cools the house. Skylights, eaves, and sliding doors keep the room away from the sun's burns and the bitter cold of winter. The wavy roof allows natural light to cover every corner of the house. Metal casings, brick walls and insulating panels lock in heat during the winter and heat outside the door in summer, with a balanced temperature throughout the year.
Architect: Glenn Murcutt Location: BingieBingie, Australia Completion: 1984
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