Design of Multi-channel Signal Generator Based on FPGA and PWM

Abstract: Signal generators based on op amps have low accuracy and poor stability and adjustability. DDS-based signal generators are costly and complex. A design method of multi-channel signal generator based on FPGA+PWM is proposed. The method does not need DAC and multi-channel analog switch on the hardware, and the PWM pulse wave required for modulating the output waveform signal is generated by the FPGA, and the desired waveform signal can be obtained after the second-order low-pass filtering and amplifying circuit. The experiment proves that the multi-channel signal generator has high amplitude resolution, high frequency precision, and good DC performance. Each channel can independently generate triangular wave, sawtooth wave, sine wave, square wave and stable output. The cost is low, the design is flexible, and the scalability is strong, and can be applied to various occasions.

PWM (Pulse Width ModulaTIon) pulse width modulation technology is a method of digitally encoding the analog signal level. By modulating the width of a series of pulses, the required waveform is equivalent [1]. PWM technology has good flexibility and versatility for waveform modulation, and has low hardware requirements and is widely used [2]. At present, most of the PWM signal generators have problems such as inconvenient cycle adjustment and limited number of paths. With the development of large-scale integrated circuits, FPGAs have the characteristics of rich resources, fast working speed, flexible use, and high stability. On this basis, this paper proposes a multi-channel signal generator based on FPGA+PWM, combining the advantages of both, to generate multi-channel waveform signals with independent adjustment of waveform, frequency and amplitude [3].

According to the principle of area equivalence: narrow impulses with equal impulses and different shapes are added to the link with inertia, and the effect is basically the same (the impulse refers to the area of ​​the narrow pulse; the effect is basically the same, the output response waveform is basically the same). The PWM control technology generated based on this theory uses a series of equal-width pulses (rectangular waves with different duty cycles) to generate various waveforms after a certain signal processing [4].

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